ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
HPLC-MS/MS Mechanistic Study of Direct Yellow 12 dye Degradation Using Ultraviolet Assisted Ozone Process
HPLC-MS/MS degradation mechanism of Direct Yellow 12 (DY-12) dye using O3 associated with UV was studied. The influent of different conditions such as pH, initial DY-12 dye concentration and reaction time were studied in a batch reactor method. The results revealed that the pH value and DY-12 initial concentration controlled the removal process. The maximum color removal was achieved in alkaline condition (pH 9) as compared to neutral or acidic conditions. The color removal of DY-12 dye followed the first-order kinetics. When UV was applied with ozone simultaneously, the first order rate constant (kd) increased, and the time of dye decolorization shortened to 10 min for 200 ppm dye concentration. These results indicated that the application of UV can reduce the reaction time and dose of ozone. Gas chromatography-mass spectrum and HPLC-MS/MS analyses of the treated synthetic dye solution at the end of the treatment time showed no toxic organic compounds were detected. The COD decreased by more than 85% of the initial COD of the untreated DY-12 dye concentration.
https://www.jwent.net/article_30944_62e80549e6fc20d15d6eb99ee832ca3c.pdf
2018-01-01
1
11
10.22090/jwent.2018.01.001
Advanced Oxidation
Decolorization
detoxification
Direct Yellow 12 Dye
HPLC-MS/MS
Ozonation
Ahmed
El Nemr
ahmedmoustafaelnemr@yahoo.com
1
Environmental Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Kayet Bey, El-Anfoushy, Alexandria, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed A.
Hassaan
mhss95@mail.com
2
Environmental Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Kayet Bey, El-Anfoushy, Alexandria, Egypt
AUTHOR
Fedekar Fadel
Madkour
fedekarmadkour@ymail.com
3
Marine Science Department, Faculty of Science - Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
AUTHOR
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55
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Experimental Investigation of the Base Fluid Miscibility Condition on the Oil Recovery Using Nanofluids Flooding
This research illustrates the effect of miscibility condition between nanofluid and oil on the process efficiency and to achieve this aim four types of fluid including distilled water, ethanol, n-hexane, and gas condensate were used to disperse silica nanoparticles. The prepared nanofluids were injected into a glass micromodel and the oil recovery factor and effective mechanisms were investigated. Results showed that in presence of nanoparticles, the oil recovery factor for miscible base fluids injection increases about 30%. But in immiscible base fluids, nanoparticles enhance the oil recovery factor up to 20% more than the base fluids. So nanoparticles are more efficient in miscible base fluids compared to immiscible ones.
https://www.jwent.net/article_30947_dc8cd06c56ed4e008c301c7ebaa9c254.pdf
2018-01-01
12
21
10.22090/jwent.2018.01.002
EOR
IFT
Immiscible
Miscible
Micromodel
nanofluid
Oil Recovery Factor
Viscosity
Vahid
Barkhordari
1
Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Arezou
Jafari
ajafari@modares.ac.ir
2
Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Green DW, Willhite GP. Enhanced oil recovery: Henry L. Doherty Memorial Fund of AIME, Society of Petroleum Engineers Richardson, TX; 1998.
1
2. Gharibshahi R, Jafari A, Haghtalab A, Karambeigi MS. Application of CFD to evaluate the pore morphology effect on nanofluid flooding for enhanced oil recovery. RSC Adv. 2015;5(37):28938-49.
2
3. Sun X, Zhang Y, Chen G, Gai Z. Application of Nanoparticles in Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Critical Review of Recent Progress. Energies. 2017;10(3).
3
4. Lu T, Li Z, Zhou Y, Zhang C. Enhanced Oil Recovery of Low-Permeability Cores by SiO2 Nanofluid. ENERG FUEL. 2017;31(5):5612-21.
4
5. Amirsadat SA, Moradi B, Hezave AZ, Najimi S, Farsangi MH. Investigating the effect of nano-silica on efficiency of the foam in enhanced oil recovery. Korean J Chem Eng. 2017;34(12):3119-24.
5
6. Das SK, Choi SUS, Patel HE. Heat Transfer in Nanofluids—A Review. Heat Transfer Eng. 2006;27(10):3-19.
6
7. A. Fletcher, presented in part at SPE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, 3, 2010.
7
8. Meghdadi Isfahani AH, Heyhat MM. Experimental Study of Nanofluids Flow in a Micromodel as Porous Medium. International Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 2013;9(2):77-84.
8
9. Peng B, Zhang L, Luo J, Wang P, Ding B, Zeng M, et al. A review of nanomaterials for nanofluid enhanced oil recovery. RSC Adv. 2017;7(51):32246-54.
9
10. Alomair OA, Matar KM, Alsaeed YH. Nanofluids Application for Heavy Oil Recovery. 2014/10/14/. SPE: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
10
11. Krishnamoorti R. Extracting the Benefits of Nanotechnology for the Oil Industry.
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12
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13
14. Seid Mohammadi M, Moghadasi J, Naseri S. An Experimental Investigation of Wettability Alteration in Carbonate Reservoir Using γ-Al2O3 Nanoparticles. Iranian Journal of Oil & Gas Science and Technology. 2014;3(2):18-26.
14
15. Parvazdavani M, Masihi M, Ghazanfari MH, Sherafati M, Mashayekhi L. Investigation of the Effect of Water Based Nano-Particles Addition on Hysteresis of Oil-Water Relative Permeability Curves. 2012/1/1/. SPE: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
15
16. Maghzi A, Mohammadi S, Ghazanfari MH, Kharrat R, Masihi M. Monitoring wettability alteration by silica nanoparticles during water flooding to heavy oils in five-spot systems: A pore-level investigation. Exp Therm Fluid Sci. 2012;40(Supplement C):168-76.
16
17. Torsater O, Engeset B, Hendraningrat L, Suwarno S. Improved Oil Recovery by Nanofluids Flooding: An Experimental Study. 2012/1/1/. SPE: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
17
18. Roustaei A, Moghadasi J, Bagherzadeh H, Shahrabadi A. An Experimental Investigation of Polysilicon Nanoparticles' Recovery Efficiencies through Changes in Interfacial Tension and Wettability Alteration. 2012/1/1/. SPE: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
18
19. Suleimanov BA, Ismailov FS, Veliyev EF. Nanofluid for enhanced oil recovery. J PETROL SCI ENG. 2011;78(2):431-7.
19
20. Hendraningrat L, Torsæter O. Metal oxide-based nanoparticles: revealing their potential to enhance oil recovery in different wettability systems. Applied Nanoscience. 2015;5(2):181-99.
20
21. S. Li, presented in part at International Petroleum Technology Conference, Beijing, China, 3, 2013.
21
22. Towler BF, Lehr HL, Austin SW, Bowthorpe B, Feldman JH, Forbis SK, et al. Spontaneous Imbibition Experiments of Enhanced Oil Recovery with Surfactants and Complex Nano-Fluids. J Surfactants Deterg. 2017;20(2):367-77.
22
23. Kamal MS, Adewunmi AA, Sultan AS, Al-Hamad MF, Mehmood U. Recent Advances in Nanoparticles Enhanced Oil Recovery: Rheology, Interfacial Tension, Oil Recovery, and Wettability Alteration. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2017;2017:15.
23
24. N. Ogolo, presented in part at SPE Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium and Exhibition, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, 4, 2012.25. 25.
24
26. Li Z, Zhu Y. Surface-modification of SiO2 nanoparticles with oleic acid. Appl Surf Sci. 2003;211(1):315-20.
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Chitosan Nanoparticles Effects on Yield and Yield Components of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Late Season Drought Stress
As a step towards the profitable employment of nanoparticles (NPs) in agriculture, effects of chitosan NPs was probed on barley plants under late season drought stress. A factorial experiment was performed based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental factors included the chitosan NPs concentrations (0 (control), 30, 60 and 90 ppm), application methods (foliar and soil application) and irrigation regimes (well-watered and withholding of irrigation for 15 days after pollination). The barley seeds were separately planted in pots. Then, the NPs were added to them through the soil and foliar application at three stages. The results indicated that using the chitosan NPs, especially 60 and 90 ppm, significantly increased the leaf area (LA), the leaf color (SPAD), the number of grain per spike, the grain yield and the harvest index compared to the control. Also, drought stress significantly decreased the yield and yield components compared to the well-watered plants. In contrast, using the chitosan NPs in plants under drought stress significantly increased the relative water content (RWC), the 1000-grain weight, the grain protein, the proline content, the catalase (CAT) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to the control. There was no a significant difference between two methods of using NPs in most studied traits. The results highlighted that using the chitosan NPs, especially 60 and 90 ppm, in both irrigation regimes can significantly improve the majority of the studied traits compared to the control and mitigate the harmful effects of drought stress.
https://www.jwent.net/article_30948_5a2de73249bd9b5d77724ba79532448d.pdf
2018-01-01
22
39
10.22090/jwent.2018.01.003
Chitosan
Enzyme Activity
nanoparticles
Protein
Yield
Faride
Behboudi
f.behboudi@modares.ac.ir
1
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Zeinolabedin
Tahmasebi Sarvestani
tahmaseb@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamad Zaman
Kassaee
kassaeem@modares.ac.ir
3
Department of Chemistry, Collage of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Ali Mohamad
Modares Sanavi
modaresa@modares.ac.ir
4
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Sorooshzadeh
soroosh@modares.ac.ir
5
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Badreddin
Ahmadi
sbahmadi@modares.ac.ir
6
Department of Arts, Faculty of Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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3. Jatav G, De N. Application of nano-technology in soil-plant system. Asian J Soil Sci. 2013;8(1):176-84.
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12. Terán H, Singh SP. Comparison of Sources and Lines Selected for Drought Resistance in Common Bean Published as Idaho Agric. Exp. Stn. Journal Article No. 01722, Univ. of Idaho, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Moscow, ID 83844. Crop Sci. 2002;42(1):64-70.
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13. Górnik K, Grzesik M, Romanowska-Duda B. The effect of chitosan on rooting of grapevine cuttings and on subsequent plant growth under drought and temperature stress. J Fruit Ornam Plant Res. 2008;16:333-43.
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15. El-Sawy NM, Abd El-Rehim HA, Elbarbary AM, Hegazy E-SA. Radiation-induced degradation of chitosan for possible use as a growth promoter in agricultural purposes. Carbohydr Polym. 2010;79(3):555-62.
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16. Lizárraga-Paulín EG, Torres-Pacheco I, Moreno-Martínez E, Miranda-Castro SP. Chitosan application in maize (Zea mays) to counteract the effects of abiotic stress at seedling level. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2011;10(34):6439-46.
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17. Saharan V, Sharma G, Yadav M, Choudhary MK, Sharma SS, Pal A, et al. Synthesis and in vitro antifungal efficacy of Cu–chitosan nanoparticles against pathogenic fungi of tomato. Int J Biol Macromol. 2015;75(Supplement C):346-53.
17
18. Nguyen Van S, Dinh Minh H, Nguyen Anh D. Study on chitosan nanoparticles on biophysical characteristics and growth of Robusta coffee in green house. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2013;2(4):289-94.
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19. Garcı́a-Mata C, Lamattina L. Nitric Oxide Induces Stomatal Closure and Enhances the Adaptive Plant Responses against Drought Stress. Plant Physiol. 2001;126(3):1196.
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20. Ali B, Gill RA, Yang S, Gill MB, Ali S, Rafiq MT, et al. Hydrogen sulfide alleviates cadmium-induced morpho-physiological and ultrastructural changes in Brassica napus. ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE. 2014;110(Supplement C):197-207.
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21. Yang F, Hu J, Li J, Wu X, Qian Y. Chitosan enhances leaf membrane stability and antioxidant enzyme activities in apple seedlings under drought stress. PLANT GROWTH REGUL. 2009;58(2):131-6.
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22. Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. PLANT SOIL. 1973;39(1):205-7.
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23. Nikolaeva MK, Maevskaya SN, Shugaev AG, Bukhov NG. Effect of drought on chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of three wheat cultivars varying in productivity. RUSS J PLANT PHYSL+. 2010;57(1):87-95.
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24. Allakhverdiev SI, Hayashi H, Nishiyama Y, Ivanov AG, Aliev JA, Klimov VV, et al. Glycinebetaine protects the D1/D2/Cytb559 complex of photosystem II against photo-induced and heat-induced inactivation. J Plant Physiol. 2003;160(1):41-9.
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25. Lai Q-x, Bao Z-y, Zhu Z-j, Qian Q-q, Mao B-z. Effects of osmotic stress on antioxidant enzymes activities in leaf discs of PSAG12-IPT modified gerbera. Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B. 2007;8(7):458-64.
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26. Mamnouie E, Fotouhi Ghazvini R, Esfahani M, Nakhoda B. The effects of water deficit on crop yield and the physiological characteristics of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 2010;8:211-9.
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27. Kirnak H, Kaya C, Tas I, Higgs D. The influence of water deficit on vegetative growth, physiology, fruit yield and quality in eggplants. Bulg J Plant Physiol. 2001;27(3-4):34-46.
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28. Chibu, H. and H. Shibayama, 2001. Effects of chitosan applications on the growth of several crops. In: Uragami T., K. Kurita, T. Fukamizo (eds) Chitin and chitosan in life science. Yamaguchi.
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30. Moradshahi A, Salehi Esk Andari B, Kholdebarin B. SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF CANOLA (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) TO WATER DEFICIT STRESS UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology (Sciences). 2004;28(1):43-50.
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38. Abedi T, Pakniyat H. Antioxidant enzyme changes in response to drought stress in ten cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding. 2010;46(1):27-34.
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39. Ortega-Ortiz H, Benavides-Mendoza A, Mendoza-Villarreal R, Ramírez-Rodríguez H, De Alba Romenus K. Enzymatic activity in tomato fruits as a response to chemical elicitors. J Mex Chem Soc. 2007;51(3):141-4.
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41. Jansen G, editor Effects of temperature on yield and protein content of Lupinus angustifolius cultivars. Lupins for health and wealth Proceedings of the 12th International Lupin Conference, Fremantle, Western Australia, 14-18 September 2008; 2008. Canterbury-New Zealand: International Lupin Association.
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43. Lizárraga-Paulín E-G, Miranda-Castro S-P, Moreno-Martínez E, Lara-Sagahón A-V, Torres-Pacheco I. Maize seed coatings and seedling sprayings with chitosan and hydrogen peroxide: their influence on some phenological and biochemical behaviors. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B. 2013;14(2):87-96.
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44. Reddy AR, Chaitanya KV, Vivekanandan M. Drought-induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. J Plant Physiol. 2004;161(11):1189-202.
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47. Khokhar MI, da Silva JT, Spiertz H. Evaluation of barley genotypes for yielding ability and drought tolerance under irrigated and water-stressed conditions. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences. 2012;12(3):287-92.
47
48. Abdoli M, Saeidi M. Using different indices for selection of resistant wheat cultivars to post anthesis water deficit in the west of Iran. Annals of Biological Research. 2012;3(3):1322-33.
48
49. Khan WM, Prithiviraj B, Smith DL. Effect of Foliar Application of Chitin and Chitosan Oligosaccharides on Photosynthesis of Maize and Soybean. PHOTOSYNTHETICA. 2002;40(4):621-4.
49
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55. Abdalla MM. Beneficial effects of diatomite on growth, the biochemical contents and polymorphic DNA in Lupinus albus plants grown under water stress. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. 2011;2(2):207-20.
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56. Hefny MM. Agronomical and biochemical responses of white Lupinus albus L. genotypes to contrasting water regimes and inoculation treatments. Journal of American Science. 2011;7(3).
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57
58. Chamnanmanoontham N, Pongprayoon W, Pichayangkura R, Roytrakul S, Chadchawan S. Chitosan enhances rice seedling growth via gene expression network between nucleus and chloroplast. PLANT GROWTH REGUL. 2015;75(1):101-14.
58
59. Anusuya S, Banu KN. Silver-chitosan nanoparticles induced biochemical variations of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2016;8(Supplement C):39-44.
59
60. Boonlertnirun S, Sarobol E, Meechoui S, Sooksathan I. Drought recovery and grain yield potential of rice after chitosan application. Kasetsart Journal: Natural Science. 2007;41:1-6.
60
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Acid-thermal Activated Nanobentonite as an Economic Industrial Adsorbent for Malachite Green from Aqueous Solutions. Optimization, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Studies
The limited adsorption capacity of natural clays is a crucial and economic issue which confined their applications in industry as cheap adsorbents to remove toxic contaminants from wastewaters. Here, the adsorption capacity of a natural nano bentonite was enhanced by a simple acid and thermal activation and the manufactured nano-adsorbent was characterized by FESEM, BET, FT-IR, and XRD. Effects of pH, temperature, sorbent capacity, and the initial concentration of malachite green were examined. The isotherm behavior of the adsorption system was investigated by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Also, the kinetic inspections demonstrated that the adsorption of malachite green matched with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the obtained thermodynamic parameters H, S, and G showed that the adsorption of malachite green was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The results indicated that the acid-thermal activated nano bentonite, with an enhanced surface area of >220 m2/g, can be depleted as a powerful and low-cost adsorbent to expel malachite green from aqueous solutions.
https://www.jwent.net/article_30949_1c08c38627380cf9a3510a02bd1fa4ee.pdf
2018-01-01
40
50
10.22090/jwent.2018.01.004
Adsorption
Isotherm
Malachite green
Nanobentonite
Removal
thermodynamic
Reza
Tayebee
rtayebee@hsu.ac.ir
1
Department of Chemistry, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
vahid
Mazruy
vahidmazruy@gmail.com
2
Department of Chemistry, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Xu M, McKay G. Removal of Heavy Metals, Lead, Cadmium, and Zinc, Using Adsorption Processes by Cost-Effective Adsorbents. In: Bonilla-Petriciolet A, Mendoza-Castillo DI, Reynel-Ávila HE, editors. Adsorption Processes for Water Treatment and Purification. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017. p. 109-38.
1
2. Lee KE, Morad N, Teng TT, Poh BT. Reactive Dye Removal Using Inorganic–Organic Composite Material: Kinetics, Mechanism, and Optimization. J Dispersion Sci Technol. 2014;35(11):1557-70.
2
3. Srivastava S, Sinha R, Roy D. Toxicological effects of malachite green. Aquat Toxicol. 2004;66(3):319-29.
3
4. Ahmad R, Kumar R. Adsorption studies of hazardous malachite green onto treated ginger waste. J Environ Manage. 2010;91(4):1032-8.
4
5. Özcan A, Özcan AS. Adsorption of Acid Red 57 from aqueous solutions onto surfactant-modified sepiolite. J Hazard Mater. 2005;125(1):252-9.
5
6. Jiang F, Dinh DM, Hsieh Y-L. Adsorption and desorption of cationic malachite green dye on cellulose nanofibril aerogels. Carbohydr Polym. 2017;173(Supplement C):286-94.
6
7. Verma AK, Dash RR, Bhunia P. A review on chemical coagulation/flocculation technologies for removal of colour from textile wastewaters. J Environ Manage. 2012;93(1):154-68.
7
8. Sadri Moghaddam S, Alavi Moghaddam MR, Arami M. Coagulation/flocculation process for dye removal using sludge from water treatment plant: Optimization through response surface methodology. J Hazard Mater. 2010;175(1):651-7.
8
9. Demirbas E, Kobya M. Operating cost and treatment of metalworking fluid wastewater by chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation processes. PROCESS SAF ENVIRON. 2017;105(Supplement C):79-90.
9
10. Zhu X, Zheng Y, Chen Z, Chen Q, Gao B, Yu S. Removal of reactive dye from textile effluent through submerged filtration using hollow fiber composite nanofiltlration membrane. Desalin Water Treat. 2013;51(31-33):6101-9.
10
11. Berberidou C, Kitsiou V, Lambropoulou DA, Antoniadis Α, Ntonou E, Zalidis GC, et al. Evaluation of an alternative method for wastewater treatment containing pesticides using solar photocatalytic oxidation and constructed wetlands. J Environ Manage. 2017;195(Part 2):133-9.
11
12. Giannakis S, Liu S, Carratalà A, Rtimi S, Talebi Amiri M, Bensimon M, et al. Iron oxide-mediated semiconductor photocatalysis vs. heterogeneous photo-Fenton treatment of viruses in wastewater. Impact of the oxide particle size. J Hazard Mater. 2017;339(Supplement C):223-31.
12
13. Soltermann F, Abegglen C, Tschui M, Stahel S, von Gunten U. Options and limitations for bromate control during ozonation of wastewater. Water Res. 2017;116(Supplement C):76-85.
13
14. Crini G. Non-conventional low-cost adsorbents for dye removal: A review. Bioresour Technol. 2006;97(9):1061-85.
14
15. Ghaedi M, Hossainian H, Montazerozohori M, Shokrollahi A, Shojaipour F, Soylak M, et al. A novel acorn based adsorbent for the removal of brilliant green. DESALINATION. 2011;281(Supplement C):226-33.
15
16. Al-Asheh S, Banat F, Abu-Aitah L. Adsorption of phenol using different types of activated bentonites. Sep Purif Technol. 2003;33(1):1-10.
16
17. Arellano-Cárdenas S, López-Cortez S, Cornejo-Mazón M, Mares-Gutiérrez JC. Study of malachite green adsorption by organically modified clay using a batch method. Appl Surf Sci. 2013;280(Supplement C):74-8.
17
18. Manohar DM, Noeline BF, Anirudhan TS. Adsorption performance of Al-pillared bentonite clay for the removal of cobalt(II) from aqueous phase. Appl Clay Sci. 2006;31(3):194-206.
18
19. Anirudhan TS, Ramachandran M. Removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol from water and petroleum refinery industry effluents by surfactant-modified bentonite. J Water Process Eng. 2014;1(Supplement C):46-53.
19
20. Faghihian H, Mohammadi MH. Surface properties of pillared acid-activated bentonite as catalyst for selective production of linear alkylbenzene. Appl Surf Sci. 2013;264(Supplement C):492-9.
20
21. Ullah Z, Hussain S, Gul S, Khan S, Bangash FK. Use of HCl-modified bentonite clay for the adsorption of Acid Blue 129 from aqueous solutions. Desalin Water Treat. 2016;57(19):8894-903.
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22. Alderman DJ. Malachite green: a review. J FISH DIS. 1985;8(3):289-98.
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23. Rao KVK. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in primary rat hepatocyte cultures by malachite green: a new liver tumor promoter. Toxicol Lett. 1995;81(2):107-13.
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24. Fil BA. Isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies on the adsorption behavior of malachite green dye onto montmorillonite clay. Part Sci Technol. 2016;34(1):118-26.
24
25. Ammann L, Bergaya F, Lagaly G. Determination of the cation exchange capacity of clays with copper complexes revisited. Clay Miner2005. p. 441.
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26. Sonawane SH, Chaudhari PL, Ghodke SA, Parande MG, Bhandari VM, Mishra S, et al. Ultrasound assisted synthesis of polyacrylic acid–nanoclay nanocomposite and its application in sonosorption studies of malachite green dye. Ultrason Sonochem. 2009;16(3):351-5.
26
27. Chinoune K, Bentaleb K, Bouberka Z, Nadim A, Maschke U. Adsorption of reactive dyes from aqueous solution by dirty bentonite. Appl Clay Sci. 2016;123(Supplement C):64-75.
27
28. Javadi F, Tayebee R. Preparation and characterization of ZnO/nanoclinoptilolite as a new nanocomposite and studying its catalytic performance in the synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes via Gewald reaction. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2016;231(Supplement C):100-9.
28
29. Khenifi A, Bouberka Z, Sekrane F, Kameche M, Derriche Z. Adsorption study of an industrial dye by an organic clay. ADSORPTION. 2007;13(2):149-58.
29
30. Crini G, Badot P-M. Application of chitosan, a natural aminopolysaccharide, for dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption processes using batch studies: A review of recent literature. Prog Polym Sci. 2008;33(4):399-447.
30
31. Crini G, Peindy HN, Gimbert F, Robert C. Removal of C.I. Basic Green 4 (Malachite Green) from aqueous solutions by adsorption using cyclodextrin-based adsorbent: Kinetic and equilibrium studies. Sep Purif Technol. 2007;53(1):97-110.
31
32. Akkaya G, Özer A. Biosorption of Acid Red 274 (AR 274) on Dicranella varia: Determination of equilibrium and kinetic model parameters. Process Biochem. 2005;40(11):3559-68.
32
33. Anirudhan TS, Ramachandran M. Surfactant-modified bentonite as adsorbent for the removal of humic acid from wastewaters. Appl Clay Sci. 2007;35(3):276-81.
33
34. Bulut Y, Karaer H. Adsorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Crosslinked Chitosan/Bentonite Composite. J Dispersion Sci Technol. 2015;36(1):61-7.
34
35. Fil BA, Özmetin C. Adsorption of cationic dye from aqueous solution by clay as an adsorbent: Thermodynamic and kinetic studies. J Chem Soc Pak. 2012;34(4):896-906.
35
36. Ofomaja AE. Sorptive removal of Methylene blue from aqueous solution using palm kernel fibre: Effect of fibre dose. Biochem Eng J. 2008;40(1):8-18.
36
37. Lodeiro P, Herrero R, Sastre de Vicente ME. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects on the Biosorption of Cadmium by Low Cost Materials: A Review. Environ Chem. 2006;3(6):400-18.
37
38. Wan Ngah WS, Ariff NFM, Hashim A, Hanafiah MAKM. Malachite Green Adsorption onto Chitosan Coated Bentonite Beads: Isotherms, Kinetics and Mechanism. CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water. 2010;38(4):394-400.
38
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39
40. Doulia D, Leodopoulos C, Gimouhopoulos K, Rigas F. Adsorption of humic acid on acid-activated Greek bentonite. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2009;340(2):131-41.
40
41. Giles CH, Smith D, Huitson A. A general treatment and classification of the solute adsorption isotherm. I. Theoretical. J Colloid Interface Sci. 1974;47(3):755-65.
41
42. Chen JP, Wu S, Chong K-H. Surface modification of a granular activated carbon by citric acid for enhancement of copper adsorption. CARBON. 2003;41(10):1979-86.
42
43. Tahir SS, Rauf N. Removal of a cationic dye from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto bentonite clay. CHEMOSPHERE. 2006;63(11):1842-8.
43
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genomic Effect of Silver Nanoparticles in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria
Background and objectives: Drug resistance in bacteria is one of the important problems in the antibacterial field. Therefore, new drugs and therapeutic approaches are required to eliminate bacteria using different and novel mechanisms. Among these, the silver nanoparticles have been proposed as a substance with antibacterial properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles with a size of less than 20 nm on the genome of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as a model for gram-positive bacteria.Material and methods: For this purpose, the bacteria were treated at concentrations of 100 and 150 µg/ml nanoparticles and antimicrobial properties of the nanoparticles were investigated in intervals of 2, 4 and 24 hours, then DNA was extracted. RAPD molecular marker was used to investigate the effects of nanoparticles on the genome. In addition, the results of electrophoresis for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products on agarose gel were analyzed.Results: The present findings demonstrated that silver nanoparticles not only have an inhibitory effect on bacteria but also affect the genomic DNA sequence of this bacterium and change it in different sites.Conclusion: The nanoparticles are antibacterial compounds and can be an appropriate alternative to antibiotics.
https://www.jwent.net/article_30950_cc164ffb0807f4c58f8980eb5d211376.pdf
2018-01-01
51
57
10.22090/jwent.2018.01.005
Genetic diversity
Growth Inhibition
NTSYS-PC Software
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR)
Silver nanoparticles
Vida
Alizadeh
m.bio2035@gmail.com
1
Department of Biology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Bahram
Golestani Eimani
golestani_bahram@yahoo.com
2
Department of Biology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fariba
Amjady
fariba.amjady452@gmail.com
3
Department of Biology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Ravipaty S, Reilly JP. Comprehensive characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus COL secretome by two-dimensional liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. 2010;9(9):1898-919.
1
2. Chambers HF. The changing epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus? EMERG INFECT DIS. 2001;7(2):178-82.
2
3. Levin TP, Suh B, Axelrod P, Truant AL, Fekete T. Potential clindamycin resistance in clindamycin-susceptible, erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: report of a clinical failure. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005;49(3):1222-4.
3
4. Blecher K, Nasir A, Friedman A. The growing role of nanotechnology in combating infectious disease. Virulence. 2011;2(5):395-401.
4
5. Fahmy B, Cormier SA. Copper oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in airway epithelial cells. Toxicol in Vitro. 2009;23(7):1365-71.
5
6. Amelia M, Lincheneau C, Silvi S, Credi A. Electrochemical properties of CdSe and CdTe quantum dots. Chem Soc Rev. 2012;41(17):5728-43.
6
7. Witte W. International dissemination of antibiotic resistant strains of bacterial pathogens. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2004;4(3):187-91.
7
8. Rabolli V, Thomassen LCJ, Uwambayinema F, Martens JA, Lison D. The cytotoxic activity of amorphous silica nanoparticles is mainly influenced by surface area and not by aggregation. Toxicol Lett. 2011;206(2):197-203.
8
9. Landini P, Antoniani D, Burgess JG, Nijland R. Molecular mechanisms of compounds affecting bacterial biofilm formation and dispersal. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010;86(3):813-23.
9
10. Lara HH, Ayala-Núñez NV, Ixtepan Turrent LdC, Rodríguez Padilla C. Bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010;26(4):615-21.
10
11. Sutherland IW. Biofilm exopolysaccharides: a strong and sticky framework. MICROBIOLOGY+. 2001;147(1):3-9.
11
12. Juan L, Zhimin Z, Anchun M, Lei L, Jingchao Z. Deposition of silver nanoparticles on titanium surface for antibacterial effect. Int J Nanomed. 2010;5:261-7.
12
13. Rai M, Yadav A, Gade A. Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials. Biotechnol Adv. 2009;27(1):76-83.
13
14. Knetsch MLW, Koole LH. New Strategies in the Development of Antimicrobial Coatings: The Example of Increasing Usage of Silver and Silver Nanoparticles. Polymers. 2011;3(1):340-66.
14
15. Martinez LR, Han G, Chacko M, Mihu MR, Jacobson M, Gialanella P, et al. Antimicrobial and Healing Efficacy of Sustained Release Nitric Oxide Nanoparticles Against Staphylococcus Aureus Skin Infection. J, Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(10):2463-9.
15
16. Périchon B, Courvalin P. VanA-type vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009;53(11):4580-7.
16
17. Hindi KM, Ditto AJ, Panzner MJ, Medvetz DA, Han DS, Hovis CE, et al. The antimicrobial efficacy of sustained release silver–carbene complex-loaded l-tyrosine polyphosphate nanoparticles: Characterization, in vitro and in vivo studies. BIOMATERIALS. 2009;30(22):3771-9.
17
18. Huang L, Dai T, Xuan Y, Tegos GP, Hamblin MR. Synergistic combination of chitosan acetate with nanoparticle silver as a topical antimicrobial: efficacy against bacterial burn infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55(7):3432-8.
18
19. Brown AN, Smith K, Samuels TA, Lu J, Obare SO, Scott ME. Nanoparticles functionalized with ampicillin destroy multiple-antibiotic-resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78(8):2768-74.
19
20. Baker-Austin C, Wright MS, Stepanauskas R, McArthur JV. Co-selection of antibiotic and metal resistance. TRENDS MICROBIOL. 2006;14(4):176-82.
20
21. Huh AJ, Kwon YJ. “Nanoantibiotics”: A new paradigm for treating infectious diseases using nanomaterials in the antibiotics resistant era. J Controlled Release. 2011;156(2):128-45.
21
22. Chang Y-N, Zhang M, Xia L, Zhang J, Xing G. The Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of CuO and ZnO Nanoparticles. Materials. 2012;5(12).
22
23. Klasen HJ. A historical review of the use of silver in the treatment of burns. II. Renewed interest for silver. BURNS. 2000;26(2):131-8.
23
24. Li W-R, Xie X-B, Shi Q-S, Duan S-S, Ouyang Y-S, Chen Y-B. Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus. BIOMETALS. 2011;24(1):135-41.
24
25. Durán N, Durán M, de Jesus MB, Seabra AB, Fávaro WJ, Nakazato G. Silver nanoparticles: A new view on mechanistic aspects on antimicrobial activity. Nanomed Nanotechnol Biol Med. 2016;12(3):789-99.
25
26. Chowdhury NR, MacGregor-Ramiasa M, Zilm P, Majewski P, Vasilev K. ‘Chocolate’ silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2016;482(Supplement C):151-8.
26
27. Iniyan AM, Kannan RR, Joseph F-JRS, Mary TRJ, Rajasekar M, Sumy PC, et al. In vivo safety evaluation of antibacterial silver chloride nanoparticles from Streptomyces exfoliatus ICN25 in zebrafish embryos. MICROB PATHOGENESIS. 2017;112(Supplement C):76-82.
27
28. Feng QL, Wu J, Chen G, Cui F, Kim T, Kim J. A mechanistic study of the antibacterial effect of silver ions on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. J BIOMED MATER RES. 2000;52(4):662-8.
28
29. Matsumura Y, Yoshikata K, Kunisaki S-i, Tsuchido T. Mode of bactericidal action of silver zeolite and its comparison with that of silver nitrate. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003;69(7):4278-81.
29
30. Morones JR, Elechiguerra JL, Camacho A, Holt K, Kouri JB, Ramírez JT, et al. The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY. 2005;16(10):2346.
30
31. Sondi I, Salopek-Sondi B. Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2004;275(1):177-82.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of Sulfur-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Even at low levels, heavy metals are toxic and can damage living things. They do not break down or decompose and tend to build up in plants, animals, and people causing health concerns. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be considered as potential adsorbents for the removal of cadmium (Cd2+) from aqueous solutions because of their high surface area and the combined effect of adsorption and separation under external magnetic fields. In this study, a novel sulfur-modified magnetic nanoparticle was applied as an adsorbent for the removal of Cd2+ ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effects of pH, contact time, and initial concentration of Cd2+ on the removal efficiency of it were investigated in batch adsorption experiments. The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics. The maximum monolayer capacity qm and KL the Langmuir constant were calculated from the Langmuir as 5.1867 mg/g and 0.1562 L/mg, respectively.
https://www.jwent.net/article_30951_49d9c43ab2477a2c8b31f734c26f26d3.pdf
2018-01-01
58
69
10.22090/jwent.2018.01.006
Adsorption
Cadmium
Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs)
Removal
Shahryar
Jafarinejad
jafarinejad83@gmail.com
1
Chemical Engineering Division, College of Environment, UoE, Karaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Faraji
mfaraji@standard.ac.ir
2
Faculty of Food Industry and Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Technology, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Zohreh
Norouz
n_zohreh_fire@yahoo.com
3
Chemical Engineering Division, College of Environment, UoE, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Mokhtari-Aliabad
j.mokhtari@modares.ac.ir
4
Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Private Wells Glossary, 2010. Terms used on the private drinking water wells web site, heavy metals, Office of Water/Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, August 8. [Online] Available from: http://iaspub.epa.gov/sor_internet/registry/termreg/searchandretrieve/glossariesandkeywordlists/search.do?details=&vocabName=Private%20Wells%20Glossary&uid=1792119
1
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2
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40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study of Adsorption of H2 and CO2 on Distorted Structure of MOF-5 Framework; A Comprehensive DFT Study
To investigate the adsorption property of H2 and CO2 on the organic ligand of C-MOF-5 (H2BDC) and T-MOF-5 (ZnO-doped H2BDC (ZnO-H2BDC)), Density functional theory (DFT) method was performed. First, the adsorption of ZnO on H2BDC resulted in examining binding energies, the charge transfer, density of states, dipole moments and adsorption geometries were investigated. The binding properties have been calculated and investigated theoretically for ZnO-doped H2BDC in terms of binding energies, band structures, Mulliken charges, and density of states (DOSs). According to obtained results, the H2BDC was strongly doped with ZnO. H2 and CO2 adsorption capacities for ZnO-doped H2BDC are significantly enhanced while there are low adsorption capacities for H2BDC. According to results, at least in the organic ligand of the MOF-5, the highest and lowest adsorption of CO2 (or H2) is attributed to the T-MOF-5 and C-MOF-5 respectively. Our calculations reveal that ZnO-doped H2BDC system (T-MOF-5) has much higher adsorption energy and higher net charge transfer value than pristine H2BDC (C-MOF-5). Also by changing in structure from cubic to tetragonal, the main site for H2 and CO2 adsorption was changed.
https://www.jwent.net/article_30952_32214ecd9f43a7274e6f65e7a63a9af6.pdf
2018-01-01
70
80
10.22090/jwent.2018.01.007
Adsorption
CO2
DFT
H2
MOF-5
ZnO
Mehrzad
Arjmandi
mehrzad.arjmandi89@gmail.com
1
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Peyravi
majidpeyravi@nit.ac.ir
2
Nanotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahdi
Pourafshari Chenar
mpourafsharichenar@um.ac.ir
3
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Jahanshahi
mmjahanshahi@nit.ac.ir
4
Nanotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
AUTHOR
Abolfazl
Arjmandi
arjmandiab66@gmail.com
5
Department of Chemical Engineering, Mazandaran University of Science and Technology, Mazandaran, Iran
AUTHOR
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2. Abbasi A, Jahanbin Sardroodi J. N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles as a highly sensitive gas sensor for NO2 detection: insights from DFT computations. Environ Sci Nano. 2016;3(5):1153-64.
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3
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4
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5
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7. Marco-Lozar JP, Juan-Juan J, Suárez-García F, Cazorla-Amorós D, Linares-Solano A. MOF-5 and activated carbons as adsorbents for gas storage. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2012;37(3):2370-81.
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15. Zhang L, Hu YH. Structure distortion of Zn4O13C24H12 framework (MOF-5). Materials Science and Engineering: B. 2011;176(7):573-8.
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17. Kaye SS, Dailly A, Yaghi OM, Long JR. Impact of Preparation and Handling on the Hydrogen Storage Properties of Zn4O(1,4-benzenedicarboxylate)3 (MOF-5). J Am Chem Soc. 2007;129(46):14176-7.
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18. Hafizovic J, Bjørgen M, Olsbye U, Dietzel PDC, Bordiga S, Prestipino C, et al. The Inconsistency in Adsorption Properties and Powder XRD Data of MOF-5 Is Rationalized by Framework Interpenetration and the Presence of Organic and Inorganic Species in the Nanocavities. J Am Chem Soc. 2007;129(12):3612-20.
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19. Arjmandi M, Pakizeh M. Mixed matrix membranes incorporated with cubic-MOF-5 for improved polyetherimide gas separation membranes: Theory and experiment. J Ind Eng Chem. 2014;20(5):3857-68.
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20. Arjmandi M, Pakizeh M, Pirouzram O. The role of tetragonal-metal-organic framework-5 loadings with extra ZnO molecule on the gas separation performance of mixed matrix membrane. Korean J Chem Eng. 2015;32(6):1178-87.
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21. Arjmandi M, Pakizeh M. Effects of washing and drying on crystal structure and pore size distribution (PSD) of Zn4O13C24H12 framework (IRMOF-1). Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters). 2013;26(5):597-601.
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22. Arjmandi M, Pakizeh M. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF H2 AND CO2 ADSORPTION BEHAVIOR OF C-MOF-5 AND T-MOF-5: A COMPLEMENTARY STUDY. Braz J Chem Eng. 2016;33:225-33.
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23. Walton KS, Millward AR, Dubbeldam D, Frost H, Low JJ, Yaghi OM, et al. Understanding Inflections and Steps in Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Isotherms in Metal-Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc. 2008;130(2):406-7.
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28. Sarmiento-Perez RA, Rodriguez-Albelo LM, Gomez A, Autie-Perez M, Lewis DW, Ruiz-Salvador AR. Surprising role of the BDC organic ligand in the adsorption of CO2 by MOF-5. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2012;163(Supplement C):186-91.
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40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preparation of Nano Pore ZSM-5 Membranes: Experimental, Modeling and Simulation
Nano pore ZSM-5type membranes were prepared on the outer surface of a porous-mullite tube by in situ liquid phase hydrothermal synthesis. The hydrothermal crystallization was carried out under an autogenous pressure, at a static condition and at a temperature of 180°C with tetra propyl ammonium bromide (TPABr) as a template agent. The molar composition of the starting gel of ZSM-5 zeolite membrane was: SiO2/Al2O3=100, Na2O/Al2O3=0.292, H2O/Al2O3=40–65, TPABr/ SiO2=0.02-0.05. The zeolites calcinations were carried out in the air at 530°C, to burn off the template (TPABr) within the zeolites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the membranes consisted of peaks corresponding to the support and zeolite. The crystal species were characterized by XRD, and morphology of the supports subjected to crystallization was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Performance of Nano-porous ZSM-5 membranes was studied for separation of water–unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) mixtures using pervaporation (PV). Finally, a comprehensive unsteady-state model was developed for the pervaporation of water-UDMH mixture by COMSOL Multiphysics software version 5.2. The developed model was strongly capable of predicting the effect of various dimensional factors on concentration and velocity distributions within the membrane module. The best ZSM-5 zeolite membranes had a water flux of 2.22 kg/m2.h at 27°C. The best PV selectivity for ZSM-5 membranes was obtained to be 55.
https://www.jwent.net/article_30953_647880e5e03ea8fd9bbbc6437fe084a8.pdf
2018-01-01
81
94
10.22090/jwent.2018.01.008
CFD Simulation
Nano Pore Zeolite
Pervaporation
Water–UDMH Separation
Zeolite Membrane
Mansoor
Kazemimoghadam
mzkazemi@gmail.com
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Amiri Rigi
amiri.z.1394@gmail.com
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Liao Y-L, Hu C-C, Lai J-Y, Liu Y-L. Crosslinked polybenzoxazine based membrane exhibiting in-situ self-promoted separation performance for pervaporation dehydration on isopropanol aqueous solutions. J Membr Sci. 2017;531(Supplement C):10-5.
1
2. Xu YM, Chung T-S. High-performance UiO-66/polyimide mixed matrix membranes for ethanol, isopropanol and n-butanol dehydration via pervaporation. J Membr Sci. 2017;531(Supplement C):16-26.
2
3. Zhang S, Zou Y, Wei T, Mu C, Liu X, Tong Z. Pervaporation dehydration of binary and ternary mixtures of n-butyl acetate, n-butanol and water using PVA-CS blended membranes. Sep Purif Technol. 2017;173(Supplement C):314-22.
3
4. Liu J, Bernstein R. High-flux thin-film composite polyelectrolyte hydrogel membranes for ethanol dehydration by pervaporation. J Membr Sci. 2017;534(Supplement C):83-91.
4
5. Ravindra R, Krovvidi KR, Khan AA, Kameswara Rao A. D.s.c studies of states of water, hydrazine and hydrazine hydrate in ethylcellulose membrane1I.I.C.T. Communication No. 37521. POLYMER. 1999;40(5):1159-65.
5
6. Ravindra R, Rao AK, Khan A. A qualitative evaluation of water and monomethyl hydrazine in ethylcellulose membrane. J Appl Polym Sci. 1999;72(5):689-700.
6
7. Sridhar S, Susheela G, Reddy GJ, Khan AA. Crosslinked chitosan membranes: characterization and study of dimethylhydrazine dehydration by pervaporation. Polym Int. 2001;50(10):1156-61.
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8
9. Uragami T, Banno M, Miyata T. Dehydration of an ethanol/water azeotrope through alginate-DNA membranes cross-linked with metal ions by pervaporation. Carbohydr Polym. 2015;134(Supplement C):38-45.
9
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